1. The Song of Roland: Read through the Berkeley Digital Library Sunsite's Online Medieval & Classical Library version of the "Chanson de Roland." This edition is based on the translation of Charles Scott Moncrief (London, 1919):

• Verses I - LXXXVII
• Verses LXXXVIII - CLXI
• Verses CLXII - CCXXXIII
• Verses CCXXXIV - CCXCI

2. Picture Galleries of Carolingian Period: Visit these two galleries of online graphics featuring Charlemagne and the Carolingians more generally. In particular, you'll want to take a look at the images for cathedrals in Amiens, Poitiers and Paris. And, you won't want to miss viewing the Roncevaux Mountain Pass-Site of the battle described in the Chanson de Roland.

3. ROLAND: Visit Desert Heart Comics graphic novel adaption of Frederick Goldin's translation of The Song of Roland. Don't miss previewing the first book in the comics series.

4. Chronology of Medieval Europe: Browse through Early Ancient World Culture's (EAWC) timeline for Europe during the Middle Ages from 500 C.E. to 1509 C.E.

5. Literature and the Middle Time: Read through Gerald Seaman's essay on the "invention of the Middle Ages" found on the EAWC site and learn more about the origins of French Literature from the "romana lingua."

6. Medieval France Photo Gallery: Visit Judy Man's Far Journey web site for a sampling of Medieval France in pictures altered and enhanced by a contemporary artist.

7. Maps of France: Visit this gallery of maps for an historical and cartographic overview of France from Roman times to the Middle Ages.

8. Song of Roland-Variorum: For a truly comparative look at the first ten verses of the Chanson de Roland take a look through the 9 translations of the first 10 verses of the poem's over 290 verses:

Brault Burgess Hayer Moncrieff Owen

Piffard Sayer Sisson Terry

9. On-line Reference Book (ORB) for Medieval Studies: Visit the "High Medieval France" page and the "Late Medieval France" page from ORB for listings of relevant web resources on France during Middle Ages.

10. Our Frankish Heritage: Visit Eric Root's web site for an overview of the Germanic founders of France, The Merovingians and The Carolingians.

11. Images of Medieval Art & Architecture: Scan through this gallery of photos for an overview of artistic and architectural styles prevalent during the Middle Ages in France.

12. Book of Quarter: Read through the Strategic Studies Group's synopsis of The Song of Roland for a brief overview of the plot of the poem.